What is the Difference Between Carbon Steel and Mild Steel?

When it comes to steel varieties, two of the most commonly used are carbon steel and mild steel. While they might seem similar at first glance, they differ in terms of composition, properties, and applications. Understanding these differences can help you choose the right material for your project, especially if you're looking for a reliable steel supplier in India.

What is Carbon Steel?

Carbon steel is an alloy primarily made of iron and carbon. The carbon content in carbon steel can range from 0.12% to 2%, making it harder and stronger than other steel types. It is further classified into three categories:

1. Low-Carbon Steel: Contains about 0.3% carbon and is easy to machine, weld, and form.
2. Medium-Carbon Steel: With a carbon content between 0.3% and 0.6%, it offers a balance of strength and ductility.
3. High-Carbon Steel: Contains up to 2% carbon and is extremely hard and brittle. It is often used in cutting tools and springs.

Key Characteristics of Carbon Steel:

• High strength and hardness.
• Less ductility and flexibility.
• More prone to corrosion than stainless steel.

Carbon steel is used in applications requiring durability, such as construction, automotive parts, and heavy machinery.

What is Mild Steel?

Mild steel is a specific type of low-carbon steel, with a carbon content of about 0.05% to 0.25%. It is one of the most versatile and widely used forms of steel. Mild steel is popular due to its excellent weldability, machinability, and affordability.

Key Characteristics of Mild Steel:

• High ductility and malleability.
• Easily welded and formed into different shapes.
• Cheaper compared to other steel types.
• Prone to rust if not properly coated or painted.

Mild steel is ideal for structural applications, pipes, and everyday products like nuts, bolts, and screws.

Differences Between Carbon Steel and Mild Steel

1. Carbon Content: The main difference between carbon steel and mild steel lies in their carbon content. While mild steel has a lower carbon content (up to 0.25%), carbon steel can have up to 2% carbon. This variation significantly affects their hardness, strength, and flexibility.

2. Strength and Hardness: Carbon steel is typically stronger and harder than mild steel due to its higher carbon content. However, mild steel is more flexible and easier to work with.

3. Corrosion Resistance: Neither carbon steel nor mild steel are particularly corrosion-resistant, but mild steel is generally more prone to rust because of its lower carbon content.

4. Cost: Mild steel is cheaper compared to carbon steel, making it the preferred choice for large-scale projects and manufacturing where cost-efficiency is crucial.

5. Applications: Due to its high strength and durability, carbon steel is often used in construction, high-tension applications, and tools. Mild steel, on the other hand, is commonly used for structural purposes, furniture, and in industries where high tensile strength is not a priority.

Conclusion

Both carbon steel and mild steel have their unique properties and applications. Understanding the difference between them is crucial when selecting the right material for your needs. If you're looking for a reliable steel supplier in India, you can rely on Pro-Metal to provide high-quality carbon and mild steel products for various industrial and construction applications. Choose the right type of steel to ensure long-lasting performance and cost-effectiveness in your projects.